考研英语翻译冲刺指导：语法结构篇

译文：人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，其原因主要不在于外界对历史学是否是一门严格意义上的学问提出质疑，而在于历史学家内部的相互争吵。

6. But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.

分析：这是一个主从复合句。to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well-being 是 extent 的定语从句。that can make the difference between a full and an empty life 是 psychological well-being 的定语从句。intangible，crucial 和 psychological 这三个形容词很容易被误认为是平行结构，事实上，intangible，crucial是修饰 psychological well-being 的。翻译本句不能用直译，例如extent 就不能直接译出来。故采用意译为主。

译文：但我们很少认识到，工作在心理健康方面给予我们的决定生活是充实还是空虚的那种难以察觉、但至关重要的东西有多少。

7. The aims of our present-day culture are avowedly ease and material well being: shorter hours; a shorter week; more return for less accomplishment; more soft-soap excuses and fewer honest, realistic demands.

分析：本句虽然很长，却是简单句。句子的主干是 the aims are avowedly ease and material well being，除此之外，后面的全部与aims 是同位语关系，进一步说明aims 。比较结构用的是形容词的比较级 shorter hours, more return…。翻译时采用顺序法。形容词的比较级则译为汉语的偏正结构。

译文：我们当代文明承认的目标就是追求舒适和物质享受：每天的工作时间越来越短；每周的工作日越来越少；以少的成就换取多的报酬；姑息宽容的理由越多，正当而又实际的要求就越少。

8. Marriage has never been more popular and desirable than it is now——so appealing in fact, that even those who are in the process of divorce can scarcely wait for the law to allow them to marry again.