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发布时间：2006-07-01 09:04     点击：

ion is stressful; it is often at its most intense in the largest cities

, where opportunities are greatest. The presence of huge numbers of pe_

ople inevitable involves more conflict, more traveling, the overloading

of public services and exposure to those deviants and criminals who are

drawn to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always flourished

in the relative anonymity of urban life, but today's ease of movement

makes its control more difficult than ever; there is much evidence that

its extent has a direct relationship to the size of communities. City

dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around

them.

As a defense against these developments city dwellers tend to use vari_

ous strategies to try and reduce the pressures upon themselves: contac_

ts with other people are generally made brief and impersonal; doors are

kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory; journeys outside th_

e home are usually hurried, rather than a source of pleasure. There are

other strategies too, which are positively harmful to the individual; f_

or example, reducing awareness through drugs or alcohol. Furthermore, a_

ll these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general;

they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the community's concern for

its members. Lack of informal social contact and indifference to the mi_

sfortunes of others, if they are not personally known to oneself, are a_

mongst the major causes of urban crime.

36. According to the author, living in a city causes stress because the_

re are so many people who are _____.

A. anxious to succeed

B. in need of help

C. naturally aggressive

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