C. Preliminary estimates.
D. Bottom-up estimates.
13. The most crucial time for project risk assessment is:
A. When a problem surfaces.
B. During the planning phase.
C. During the close-out phase.
D. After the project schedule has been published.
14. When there is uncertainty associated with one or more aspects of the project, one of the first steps to take is to:
A. Revise project plan.
B. Conduct a risk-benefit analysis.
C. Conduct a needs analysis.
D. Increase the estimated cost of the project.
15. Including a contingency reserve in the project budget is intended to:
A. Reduce the probability of scope changes.
B. Increase the probability of scope changes.
C. Reduce the probability of a cost overrun.
D. Increase the probability of a cost overrun.
16. Given the information in the following table, what is the expected value from this risk event? Probability Result
A. -10,000.
B. - 7,500.
C. + 2,500.
D. -7,000.
17. A contractor is working on a fixed price contract that calls for a single, lump sum payment upon satisfactory completion of the contract. About halfway through the contract, the contractor project manager informs their contract administrator that financial problems are making it difficult for them to pay their employees and subcontractors. The contractor asks for a partial payment for work accomplished. Which of the following actions by the buyer is most likely to cause problems for the project?
A. Starting partial payments for work accomplished.
B. Making no payments because it would violate the conditions of the contract.