例8里的IMF要加定冠词。词典举例:the IMF is an organization within the United Nations which is concerned with trade and economic development.在例8中,U.S. 用作名词,前面也须加定冠词。再如“欧盟”的缩写是the EU.词典释义中写道:The EU used to be known as the EC(European Community)。这几个名称,the IMF, the EU, the United Nations,无论是简称还是全称,在句子里作为名词出现时,都要加定冠词。有没有不加定冠词的情况呢?有的。UNESCO,NATO,ASEAN,这些词全不需要加定冠词。有什么规律可循呢?根据Michael Swan 所著 Practical English Usage(《英语用法指南》),首字母缩略词(acronyms),其读音像一个词一样,通常不用冠词。
例10中的不定冠词须改为定冠词。根据Practical English Usage第65.4条,the经常与最高级连用,因为通常只有一个个体或集体称得上best或biggest等,其所指的是哪一个(或哪一些)是清楚的。由于同样的原因,the经常与first,next,last,same和only连用。词典举例:She is the only person for the job.
二。动词
11. The influence of the related policies made by the government, including the policies which is considered afterwards to have played an active role in the development of the refrigerator industry, is secondary and supplementary.
12. The disparity between the poor and the rich in food consumption are not manifested in quantity, but in quality.