62.The kinds of evidence for the roundness of the world that led finally to its general accep tance included such data as the shape of the shadow of the earth on the moon during an eclipse of the moon,the fact that as one sails from port on a ship the building of the port gradually seem to sink below the surface of the water,and,most convincing,the fact that it is possible to sail all around the world and return to the starting point of the voyage.
最终为人们普遍接受的有关地球是圆形的种种论据,包括:月蚀时地球投在月球表面的阴影形状;当人们乘船离开港口时,港口的建筑物似乎逐渐沉入水下;而最令人信服的是,人们环绕地球航行时,有可能又回到原来的起航点。(The kinds为主句中的主语,谓语是included。
介词as引导三个并列同位语:shape,the fact,the fact,说明data。在两个fact后的that都引出同位语从句。)
63.The technological breakthrough and the lndustrial Revolution brought with them a mastery of food production and control of infectious disease that reduced the normal death-rate to below 1.5 per cent.
技术革新和工业革命促进了食品生产,控制了传染病的流行,这使人口正常死亡率降到1.5%以下。(to below是双重介词,reduce...tobelow,“降到……以下”。)