英语翻译训练方法：谈英语定语从句的汉译

　　英语和汉语分属两种不同语系，其差别很大，翻译起来有诸多困难，英语定语从句汉译便是困难之一。由于定语从句在英语中应用十分广泛，因此，我们必须想办法、找方法、寻规律，从而很好地解决它。

　　一、限制性定语从句

　　限制性定语从句对所修饰先行项起限制作用，在意义上与先行项密切不可分。如被省去，主句意思就含糊不清，甚至变得毫无意义。关系词和先行项之间一般不用逗号分隔。

　　(一)定语词组

　　①I have but one lamp by which my feed are guided. 我只有一盏指路明灯。

　　②It was so with the vast railroad yards with the crowded array of vessels she saw in the river. 火车站广大场地，河里鳞次梯比船只，她也同样不能理解。

　　③Before following her in her round of seeking, let us look at the sphare in which her future was to lie. 我们暂且把她找寻工作事搁下来不谈，先看一看她前途所寄托这个世界。

　　④...and the thread which bound her so lightly to girlhood and home were irretrievably broken ……而那些把她和少女时代以及故乡轻轻系住柔丝，不得不就此断绝了。

　　(二)并列从句

　　1）省略英语先行项

　　①The lungs are subjecd to several diseases which are treatable by surgery. 肺易受几种疾病侵袭，但均可经手术治疗。

　　②A little way on she saw a great door which, for some reason, attracted her attention. 又走了一些路，她看见一个大门，不知怎，引起了她注意。

　　③As a result, a hum of gossip was set going which moved about the house in that secret manner common to gossip. 结果就造成一阵闲话，暗中在公寓里流传，闲话一般都是如此。

　　④A will had been made which divide the small tax –eaten property equally among the remaining four, so that it was really of no interest to any of them. 遗嘱已立好，把这片快要给税吃光薄产平分给四个孩子，但谁都对此不感兴趣。

　　2）重复英语先行项

　　①At dimmer I found myself placed between Mrs. Bradly, and a shy drab girl who seemed even younger than the other. 席间，我发现自己坐在布拉得雷太太和一腼腆乏味女孩子中间；她看上去比其余人都年轻。