考试网 >> 外语考试 >> 金融英语 >> 金融英语阅读:金融世界第十一讲

发布时间：2006-06-23 21:12     点击：

    许多经济学家绞尽脑汁来研究大萧条，试图弄清楚它的来龙去脉，试图找到对付大萧条的方法。

    I think the central idea in Keyes' general theory is that recessions, or depressions, result from inadequate demand for goods and services. Essentially people in governments and firms aren't spending enough and that's why so many people are unemployed.

    我认为凯恩斯通论的中心思想是：衰退或萧条是由对商品和服务的需求不足造成的。基本上是说，政府和公司花费得不够，因此有许多人失业。

    And what Keyens' theory was to do was basically to show how that could work and to show what governments could do to try to prop up demand for goods and services and get economies out of recessions and depressions.

    凯恩斯的理论基本上是要证明如何这才能行得通以及政府可以采取什么行动来促进对商品和服务的需求，使经济摆脱衰退和萧条。

    下面我们完整听一遍美国哈佛大学经济学教授曼奇对凯恩斯学说作的这段解释。（略）

    尽管凯恩斯理论对各国政府的货币政策和财政收支政策都曾产生过重大的影响，但曼奇教授指出，受到最直接影响的是财政收支政策。他说：

    It's probably most obvious in fiscal policy, because that's where Keynes argues, essentially, that the problem of the Great Depression could be solved most easily with fiscal policy. So there's a lot of examples in the US's and other countries' histories that were essentially applications of Keynes' ideas.

    For example when John Kennedy came to the White House one of the first things he wanted to do was to cut taxes in order to stimulate the economy. And the arguments that he gave were essentially textbook Keynesian arguments.

    下面我们分段听一遍曼奇教授的这段谈话和中文翻译：（英文略）

    财政收支政策受到的影响大概最为明显，因为凯恩斯基本上认为可以通过（调整）财政收支政策来最容易地解决大萧条的问题。因此在美国和其他国家的历史上就有了许多实际上实施凯恩斯理论的例证。

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