希尔莫教授说,竞争政策是政府制定的政策,用以决定在哪一方面、如何以及在多大程度上使用竞争的力量来推动经济和社会的发展。
Now a competition policy decides where, when and how you're going to use competition as opposed to where, when and how you might use an administered system of a government or legislated monopoly.
现在是由竞争政策来决定在何处、何时以及使用何种方法来展开竞争。过去与其相对的是在何处、何时和使用何种方法来实行某种管理制度,比如由政府或法律规定的垄断。
We coined the term National Competition Policy both to emphasise that we needed policies about where and how competition could be better used, and to emphasise that those policies should be national.
我们创造了“全国竞争政策”这样一种说法,是为了强调我们需要一项关于在何处和如何更好地进行竞争,同时强调了这些政策应是全国统一的。
下面我们再听一遍希尔莫教授的谈话。(略)
澳大利亚全国竞争政策的重点之一就是把国家所有的企业也置于公平竞争之下。这一政策促进了经济的活跃发展,也引起了社会的变化。澳广金融节目主持人巴里克拉克对此作了解释:
As we try to increase competition, albeit imperfectly, and we embrace the market system, we're changing the way society functions. In other words, we are reducing the size of the public sector and increasing the size of the private sector.
克拉克说,在我们试图增加竞争时,尽管是不完全的竞争,我们就接受了市场机制,改变着社会运转的方式。换句话说,我们缩小了公营机构的规模,扩大了私有企业的规模。
Historically, when the government provided utilities to us, the relationship that existed was between citizen and government. However, as we take these utilities out of the public sector and into the private sector, then the relationship changes - we become consumers interacting with the market.