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发布时间：2006-06-23 17:05     点击：

　　Joseph Glarthaar's Forged in Battle is not the first excel- lent study of Black soldiers and their White officers in the Civil War, but it uses more soldiers' letters and diaries- including rare material from Black soldiers-and concen- (5) rates more intensely on Black-White relations in Black regiments than do any of its predecessors. Glathaar's title expresses his thesis: loyalty, friendship, and respect among White officers and Black soldiers were fostered by the mutual dangers they faced in combat.

　　(10 ) Glarthaar accurately describes the government's discrim- inatory treatment of Black soldiers in pay, promotion, medi cal care, and job assignments, appropriately emphasizing the campaign by Black soldiers and their officers to get the opportunity to fight. That chance remained limited through (15) out the war by army policies that kept most Black units serving in rear-echelon assignments and working in labor battalions. Thus, while their combat death rate was only one-third that of White units, their mortality rate from disease, a major killer in his war, was twice as great. (20) Despite these obstacles, the courage and effectiveness of several Black units in combat won increasing respect from initially skeptical or hostile White soldiers. As one White officer put it, "they have fought their way into the respect of all the army."

　　(25) In trying to demonstrate the magnitude of this attitudi- nal change, however, Glarthaar seems to exaggerate the prewar racism of the White men who became officers in Black regiments. "Prior to the war," he writes of these men, "virtually all of them held powerful racial prejudices."

　　1. The passage as a whole can best be characterized as which of the following?

　　(A) An evaluation of a scholarly study

　　(B) A description of an attitudinal change

　　(C) A discussion of an analytical defect

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