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发布时间：2006-06-23 11:56     点击：

Which one of the following, if true, would most help to explain the difference in fuel requirement?

(A) More equipment would be required to explore Phobos than to explore Mars.

(B) Smaller spaceships require less fuel than larger spaceships.

(C) Information learned during the trip to Phobos can be used during a subsequent trip to Mars.

(D) The shortest distance between Phobos and Mars is less than half the shortest distance Between Earth and Mars.

(E) Lift-off for the return trip from Phobos requires much less fuel than that from Mars because of Phobos weaker gravitational pull.

3. Scientific research that involves international collaboration has produced papers of greater influence. As measured by the number of times a paper is cited in subsequent papers, than has research without any collaboration. Papers that result from international collaboration are cited an average of seven times, whereas papers with single authors are cited only three times on average This difference shows that research projects conducted by international research teams are of greater importance than those conducted by single researchers.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) Prolific writers can inflate the number of citations they receive by citing themselves in Subsequent papers.

(B) It is possible to ascertain whether or not a paper is the product of international Collaboration by determining the number of citations it has received

(C) The number of citations a paper receives is a measure of the importance of the Research it reports.

(D) The collaborative efforts of scientists who are citizens of the same country do not produce papers that are as important as papers that are produced by international Collaboration.

(E) International research teams tend to be more generously funded than are single

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