TOEFL试题(1)

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(D) To indicate the weight of early hominids

28.The word "restricted" in line 26 is closest in meaning to

(A) limited

(B) improved

(C) continued

(D) succeeded

29.What can be inferred about the footprints found in French caves mentioned in the last paragraph?

(A)They show more detail than the Laetoli prints.

(B)They are of more recent origin than the Laetoli prints.

(C)They are not as informative as the Laetoli prints.

(D)They are more difficult to study than the Laetoli prints

30.Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?

(A) "hominids" (line 3)

(B) "arch" (line 9)

(C) "photogrammetry" (line 16)

(D) "silicon resin molds"(line 29)

Questions 31-40

The livelihood of each species in the vast and intricate assemblage of living things depends on the existences of other organisms. This interdependence is sometimes subtle, sometimes obvious. Perhaps the most straight forward dependence of one species on another occurs with parasites, organisms that live on or in other living things and derive nutrients directly from them. The parasitic way of life is widespread. A multitude of microorganisms( including viruses and bacteria) and an army of invertebrates – or creatures lacking a spinal column (including crustaceans, insects, and many different types of worms ) –make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures. In the face of this onslaught, living things have evolved a variety of defense mechanisms for protecting their bodies from invasion by other organisms.

Members of the animal kingdom have developed a variety of defense mechanisms for dealing with parasites. Although these mechanisms vary considerably, all major

31. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) how parasites reproduce
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