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例3. Copper_____used by humans and is second only to iron in its utility through the ages.
(A) the first metal
(B) was the first metal
(C) the first metal that
(D) being the first metal (10/98 7)
Key:B
分析:由and连接的并列的句子可以看出,前面应该是一完整的句子结构,现在缺少谓语成份。只有(B)有谓语动词was。Used by humans过去分词做定语修饰metal。
4.宾语成份
常考类型包括:及物动词后的宾语成份,激磁后需加的宾语成份,某些词或词组带双宾语的固定用法。
例4.Formerly called natural philosophy,physics has retained_____of understanding the structure of the nature world and explaining natural phenomena.
(A) its original aim
(B) it aimed originally
(C) its original aim was
(D) aiming originally (10/98 3)
Key:A
分析:主语缺少宾语,只有(A)是名词性短语,可以作为句子的宾语。Of后面的成份作为宾语的修饰成份。
5.定语成份
句子定语成份一般是指做句子主语和宾语成份的修饰词,一般为形容词和形容词短语,也有分词形式的定语,一般把它归为分词结构这一考点中。
例5.Jupiter,the closest of the giantplanets to Earth,has_____solid surface and is surrounded by zones of intense radiation.
(A) not
(B) nor
(C) no
(D) neither (10/96 7)
Key:C
分析:空格处缺少宾语solid surface的修饰语,仅C符合条件。
6.表语成份
常考内容包括名词,形容词和介宾短语。
例6.The Pulitzer Prize has been_____in American literature for more than seventy years.
(A) the award most prestigious that
(B) the most prestigious award
(C) a prestigious award that most
(D) most prestigious award (01/97 15)
Key:B
分析:全句缺少表语。Award是表语中心词,前面是形容词最高级修饰。
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